Callao Cave is one of the most well-known natural attractions in Peñablanca, Cagayan, located within the Peñablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape along the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountain range. It is about 24 kilometers from Tuguegarao City and forms part of a broader karst system in the area, where more than 300 caves have been documented, making the municipality an important site for both geological and ecological studies.
Month: April 2026
Queen Isabella II and the Province of Isabela
Isabela takes its name from Queen Isabella II of Spain, following the province’s establishment in 1856 during the Spanish colonial period. It was formed from parts of Cagayan and Nueva Vizcaya as a new administrative unit in the Cagayan Valley, in line with the practice of naming territories after members of the Spanish monarchy.
Blue-tailed Bee-eaters in Alcala
Good Friday this year was spent moving from one church to another for Visita Iglesia across Cagayan. In between stops, we passed through a farm in Alcala where a pair of Blue-tailed Bee-eaters (Merops philippinus) caught my attention. It turned out to be a lifer, which made the stop more memorable than expected.
Visita Iglesia 2026: Churches of Cagayan
This was a continuation of our Visita Iglesia which started in Isabela, and in Cagayan, we visited eight churches. Christianity in Cagayan traces its beginnings to the late 16th century, when Spanish expeditions moved northward into the Cagayan Valley and established missions along the banks of the Cagayan River. Early evangelization was first attempted by Augustinian friars, but it was the Dominicans who sustained the work from the 1580s onward, founding missions and organizing communities into towns centered on churches and plazas. Through these efforts, indigenous groups such as the Ibanag and Itawes were introduced to Roman Catholicism, with Lal-lo, then known as Nueva Segovia.
Visita Iglesia 2026: Churches of Isabela
I visited six churches in Isabela as part of our yearly Visita Iglesia this Maundy Thursday, and this year we completed fourteen churches across Isabela and Cagayan. Christianity in Isabela was established during the Spanish colonial period through the evangelization of the Cagayan Valley beginning in the late 16th century, led by Dominican missionaries who organized indigenous communities into pueblos centered on churches. Key areas such as Tumauini, Ilagan, and Cauayan became important ecclesiastical centers, and by the time Isabela was created as a province in 1856, Catholicism was already firmly established
Balay na Santiago in Isabela
Balay na Santiago stands along Miranda Street in the center of Santiago City, presenting itself as a structure that seems older than it actually is. With its wooden façade and traditional form, it gives the impression of a Spanish-period house, the kind that immediately suggests history and continuity. Yet the realization that it was built only in the 1970s shifts that impression. Rather than an original ancestral home, it becomes a reinterpretation of the past, an effort to visually connect the city to an earlier architectural identity.